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Penis
Root, body and glans penis are three parts of the penis. The root is attached to the pelvic and abdominal wall. The middle portion of the penis is called body which consists of three cylindrical soft tissue spaces. There is corpora cavernosa which are larger cylindrical soft tissues. Corpus spongiosum is third cylindrical soft tissue which makes urinary passage. The head of penis is cone shaped which makes termination of corpus spongiosum.
Scrotum
Thin muscle and thin sac of skin is called scrotum which is climate control system and keeps testicles away from the body. It also keeps the body temperature cooler than normal for sperm development. The cremasteric muscles in the scrotum move testicles within scrotum according to the surrounding temperature.
Testes/Testicles
Olive sized oval bodies are called testers one on right and other on left side. Testosterone and sperm are produced by testes. The sperm cells are transported by vasa deferentia and epididymides after these cells are developed in testes. Testes and surrounding structures are included in term testicles like epididymis and deferens. Testers and testicles are slightly different things although they are used interchangeably.
Vas Deferens and Seminal Vesicles
The sperm travel through epididymis which is collection when these sperms are produced. Then these sperm pass through duct which is connected with seminal vesicles to make ejaculatory duct. Fluid is produced in the seminal vesicles to provide nutrient to the sperms and it also lubricate the urethra. Then semen is produced by this fluid. The muscles contract surrounding the seminal vesicles during ejaculation and sperms are pushed from seminal vesicles which are located behind bladder and prostate.
Prostate Gland
Prostate is located below urinary bladder surrounding the urethra and it is walnut sized gland. Prostatic fluid is produced by prostate gland. The sperms are supported, protected and nourished by the fluid. Most of the semen volume is formed by the sticky white fluid from prostate forms. Reproduction is the only known function of prostate and it usually grows throughout the life which can cause blockage in urethra. This blockage can affect voiding with symptoms like excessive voiding at night and urinary frequency, weakening of urinary stream and urgency of urination. The enlargement of prostate is called benign and it can be treated with the help of medications or surgical procedures. Laser or microwave therapy can be used for prostate treatment. The prostate cancer can be detected with prostate specific antigen test.
Urethra
There is corpus spongiosum around urethra which is soft tissue of penis. Urethra works in dual way. It can transport semen out of penis tip and urine is also transported from the bladder. Seminal vesicles and prostate are formed by fluid and sperm cells. There can be urinary difficulty due to strictures which is scar tissue in the passage.
